ECCE ROMANI 1

Ch 6-10
Ch 6

Congratulations! You are making good progress!

Take yourt ER1 Turn to p. 21, Ch 6 "Marcus to the Rescue."

Read the passage, using the vocabulary to help you understand.

Ex 6a. Translate the questions into English

Ch 6. Translate the passage "Marcus to the Rescue."

VERBS - THE INFINITIVE

Just as the body has 4 PRINCIPAL (main) PARTS, the head the trunk the arms and the legs, which support all the other parts, so in LATIN a VERB has 4
PRINCIPAL PARTS, which support all the other parts.

You now need to learn the most important PRINCIPAL PART.
It is called the INFINITIVE in Latin and English.

1.ALL LATIN INFINITIVES END IN "re"

e.g. ambulare = to walk,    sedere = to sit,    arripere = to grab,     audire= to hear

2. As you can see from the examples, while they all end in "re", there is a variation in the letters before the ending.


THERE ARE 4 DIFFERENT GROUPS OF VERBS IN LATIN.
The letter before the infinitive endings varies according to the group.

1 2 3 4
are ere ere ire

3.The second and third groups look the same but they are pronounced differently.
Underneath is a sentence you can read aloud to let you hear the difference.

HARRY is HAIRY and VERY DREARY
are ere ere ire

4.As you can see from the examples in number 1 above, the infinitive in English means "to"

e.g.

clamare = to shout videre = to see petere = to look for dormire = to sleep

Ex 6b. Follow the instructions in the book.

Ex 6c. Follow the instructions in the book.

Memorise the vocabulary on p.s 21, 22, 23.
Memorise the 4 infinitive endings.

You may choose to complete the worksheet labelled ER SUPP EX CH 6

Ch 7


Take your ER1. Turn to p24. Read about the slave market.

1.Roman customs are interesting.

2.It is helpful to be familiar with the Roman way of life when translating.

3.Roman customs and ideas have influenced the way of life in Europe for centuries.

Turn to p26, Ch 7 "Bad News."
Read the passage, using the vocabulary to help you understand.

Ex 7a. Translate the questions.

Ch 7. Bad News. Translate the passage.

Ex 7b. Follow the instructions.

Revise points to note Ch4. You have met in Ch4 the endings am um em used for the
object singular There is a special name for these endings - the ACCUSATIVE

e.g.

pater epistolam scribit Father writes a letter
S O V  
puella servum spectat The girl watches a slave
S O V  
pueri arborem ascendunt The boys climb a tree.
S O V  

In the sentences shown above the object is singular and has the
acusative singular endings - am    um    em.

Now look carefully at the sentences shown below:

pater epistolas scribit Father writes letters
S O V  
puella servos spectat The girl watches the slaves
S O V  
pueri arbores ascendunt The boys climb trees
S O V  

In this second group of sentences the object is plural and has the accusative plural endings
as   os   es.

Summary of object endings:

Accusative singular = am um em
Accusative plural= as os es

(Remember to translate the OBJECT after the VERB)

You will find this information summarised in ER1 p 28.

Now study p29 Building up the Meaning.

Ex7c. Follow the instructions in the book.

Ex7d. Follow the instructions in the book.

Now study p31 Building up the Meaning 2.

Ex7e. Follow the instructions in the book.

Memorise the vocabulary on pp 26 and 30.
Memorise both accusative singular and plural endings.

You may choose to complete the worksheet labelled ER1SUPP.EXS.CH 7.

 
Ch 8


Turn to p32. Read the information about Roman villas.
Note that our information comes from 2 main sources, archaeology and Roman writers.

Take your ER1. Turn to p36, ch 8 "An Early Rise."

Read the passage, using the vocabulary to help you understand.

Ch 8. Translate the passage "An Early Rise."

You have now come to a very important part of your work. Take your Verb file, and study carefully the section called What is a verb. Then study the section called The present tense.
Make sure you attempt and correct all the Exs in these 2 sections.

Ex 8a. Follow the instructions in the book.

Ex 8b. Follow the instructions in the book.

Ex 8c. Follow the instructions.

Memorise the vocabulary on pp 36 and 39.
Revise the infinitive endings.
Memorise the Present tense endings with their meanings.
See also table in ER1 p37.

You may choose to complete the worksheet labelled ER1 SUPP.EX.CH 8.

Ch 9

Take your ER1. Turn to p.40, ch 9. "Goodbye."

Read the passage, using the vocabulary to help you understand.

Ex9a. Translate the questions

Ch 9. Translate the passage, "Goodbye".

Ex 9b. Follow the instructions in the book.

Ex 9c. Follow the instructions in the book.

Re-read the file called Subjects and objects.
From this file you can see that:

1.A simple English sentence often consists of

S V O
THE BOY SEES THE GIRL

2.There are special names for the Subject and Object

The Nominative for the Subject

The Accusative for the Object

More information can be given by adding a PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE (PP)

e.g.

S V O PP
The boy sees the girl in the villa
The boy sees the girl under the tree
The boy sees the girl near the wood
The boy sees the girl with a dog
The boy sees the girl at the pond

The words In, Under, Near, With, at are Prepositions and they are followed by Nouns, villa, tree, wood, dog, pond. The Preposition + the Noun makes a Prepositional Phrase.

Latin and English use Prepositional phrases (PP) in the same way.
Look at these examples:

in pictura = in the picture ad villam = to the villa in horto = in the garden
trans rivum = across the river sub arbore = under the tree in agris = in the fields

Note that the ending on the Noun changes in Latin. Look carefully at these examples:

PROPE VILLAM = near the villa PROPE VILLAS = near the villas
AD URBEM = to the city AD URBES = to the cities
IN HORTUM = into the garden IN HORTOS = into the gardens

RULE: Some Prepositions in Latin are followed by the Accusative.

i.e

PREP + ACCUSATIVE SINGULAR AM UM EM
PREP + ACCUSATIVE PLURAL AS OS ES

Some Prepositions in Latin are followed by another ending called the Ablative.

i.e.

PREP + ABLATIVE SINGULAR A O E
PREP + ABLATIVE PLURAL IS IS IBUS

e.g.

in pictura = in the picture  in picturis = in the pictures
in ramo = in the branches in ramis = in the branches
cum cane = with a dog cum canibus = with dogs

N.B.
It is especially important to note if the noun is SINGULAR or PLURAL.

 


Look carefully at these examples:

in horto = in the garden    in hortum = into the garden

in villa = in the villa          in villam = into the villa

"im" can be followed by the ACC/ABL and the meaning changes as you can see above.

The above information is summarised in ER1 p 42.

SUMMARY

1.English and Latin use Prepositional phrases in the same way

2.The Prepositions are followed in Latin by Nouns with either Accusative or Ablative endings

Accusative singular AM UM EM
Accusative plural AS OS ES
Ablative Singular A O E
Ablative Plural IS IS IBUS

3.When translating a Prepositional phrase pay special attention to whether the Noun is Singular or Plural.


Ex 9d. Follow the instructions.

Ex 9e. Follow the instructions.

Memorise the vocabulary P40 and 41.
Memorise the accusative and ablative endings.


See table on nouns in ER1 p 42.

You may now choose to complete the worksheet labelled ER1 SUPP.EX.CH 9.

 

Ch 10

Take your ER1. Turn to p44 Ch 10, "Departure".

Read the passage, using the vocabulary to help you understand.

Ex 10a. Translate the questions into English.

Ch 10. Now translate the passage "Departure".


1.Revise carefully the notes on The Infinitive in Ch 6 Points to Note.

2.Take your Verb file and study carefully the section called The Imperative.
Make sure you do all the Exs and correct them with care.

Ex 10b. Follow the instructions in the book.

Ex 10c. Follow the instructions in the book.

Memorise the vocabulary p. 45. Learn the 4 infinitive endings in the order given.
Learn the form of the imperative both positive and negative.

You may now choose to do the worksheet labelled ER1 SUPP.EXS.10.