LATIN AND ENGLISH
An
important part of this Short Course is the study of links between Latin
and English. Latin has made a great contribution to the vocabulary and
the format of English and the romance languages. Even today we turn to
Latin to create new words as they are needed. e.g. calculator,
computer.
Remember you can use your knowledge of Latin to decipher the meaning
of an unfamiliar word in English and vice versa.
LATIN & ENGLISH
SECTION 1
Remember you can use both Latin and English dictionaries.
Ex
1.
In ER1 p6 you met the phrases: "sub
arbore" = under the tree.
a)
Here now are some English words beginning with "sub".
What do they mean?
submarine subterranean substandard substitute
b) What kind of animal is described as "arboreal"?
What would you expect to see in an "arboretum"?
c) Can you explain the context and meaning of these 2 Latin phrases used unchanged in English?
sub poena sub iudice
EX
2
Listed below are words that come from the Latin word "laborat".
Explain their meanings in English.
labour =
labourer=
laborious =
laboratory =
collaborate =
elaborate =
Ex3
Below is a list of Latin nouns, followed by the adjectives formed form
them in Latin.
Make the corresponding English adjective from the Latin one and explain
its meaning.
The first one has been done for your as an example.
|
LATIN |
ENGLISH |
|||
|
Noun |
Meaning |
Adjective |
Adjective |
Meaning |
|
vir |
man |
virilis |
virile |
like a man, manly |
|
puer |
puerilis |
|||
|
servus |
servilis |
|||
|
hostis |
enemy |
hostilis |
||
|
senex |
old man |
senilis |
||
|
iuvenis |
young man |
iuvenilis |
||
|
infans |
infantilis |
Ex
4
The Latin word "solus" means alone.
What then is the precise meaning of the following English words?
solo solitary solitaire solitude sole soliloquy
Ex
5
Using the Latin words listed below, match the English words from the pool
and give the correct meaning of the English words. The first one has been
done for you as an example.
|
LATIN WORD |
ENGLISH WORD |
MEANING |
|
nomine |
nominate |
put forward a name for election |
|
vicina |
||
|
altera |
||
|
amicae |
||
|
agris |
||
|
horto |
||
|
rident |
||
|
tempore |
agriculture amicable ridiculous vicinity
horticulture alternative temporary nominate
Ex
6
Below is a list of familiar Latin words and some English meanings.
See if you can produce the correct English derivations.
The first one has been done for you as an example.
|
LATIN WORD |
ENGLISH WORD |
MEANING |
|
spectat |
spectator |
one who watches |
|
furtim |
like a thief |
|
|
amat |
one who does sport for the love of it |
|
|
audit |
a group of listeners |
|
|
fragor |
easily broken |
|
|
dormit |
a communal sleeping place |
|
|
conspicit |
easily noticeable |
Ex
7
Now try some detective work.
See if you can establish the connection between the Latin "ambulat"
and the English word "pram".
