Oneness of God

The essence and backbone of the Islamic faith rests on the belief in the Oneness and Unity of God.

Say: He is God, The One and Only. God, The Eternal, Absolute; He begets not, nor is He begotten; And there is none like unto Him
[The Qur'an: Chapter 112]

The Islamic concept of God or Allah is based entirely on the premise that He created everything in the universe, and that everything whether it be an atom, the sun, the moon, the winds or the rain, submits to His will. The Qur'an expresses the oneness of Allah in several places:

It is not befitting to (the majesty of) God that He should beget a son. Glory be to Him! When he determines a matters, he only says to it, "Be", and it is
[The Qur'an, 19:35]

It is He Who sends down rain from the sky: from it ye drink, and out of it (grows) the vegetation on which ye feed your cattle. With it He produces for you corn, olives, date-palms, grapes and every kind of fruit: verily in this is a sign for those who give thought. He has made subject to you the Night and the Day; the sun and the moon; and the stars are in subjection by His Command: verily in this are Signs for men who are wise. And the things on this earth, which He has multiplied in varying colours (and qualities): verily in this is a sign for men who celebrate the praises of Allah (in gratitude). It is He Who has made the sea subject, that ye may eat thereof flesh that is fresh and tender, and that ye may extract there from ornaments to wear; and thou seest the ships therein that plough the waves, that ye may seek (thus) of the bounty of Allah and that ye may be grateful. And He has set up on the earth mountains standing firm, lest it should shake with you; and rivers and roads; that ye may guide yourselves; And marks and sign-posts; and by the stars (men) guide themselves. Is then He Who creates like one that creates not? Will ye not receive admonition?
[The Qur'an, 16:10-17]

Muslims also believe that Allah is the Absolute Controller of everything. This means that He has already fixed a set way for everything in the universe. Nothing can happen without His will and without His knowledge. This concept is known as Al-Qadr. The Qur'an states "…and the command of God is a decree determined" [33:38]. This, however, does not imply that a person does not have free will. He/she has the freedom of choice to make decisions. Rather, it means that a person does not know what his/her destiny is, and that only Allah knows this.